NEUROPSICOLOGIA DA SUGESTIONABILIDADE E TOMADAS DE DECISÃO SOCIAL

Kamilla Krasinski, Hélio Anderson Tonelli

Resumo


A sugestão pode ser definida como uma ideia ou crença comunicável que, uma vez aceita, tem a capacidade de exercer profundas modificações no comportamento. A sugestionabilidade abrange os processos biopsicossociais que facilitam ou aumentam a probabilidade de que uma sugestão seja ou não aceita. Os autores têm como objetivo discutir os conceitos de sugestão e sugestionabilidade sob um enfoque neuropsicológico, integrando os achados de uma revisão de literatura sobre variáveis cognitivas relacionadas ao cérebro sugestionável do adulto nas tomadas de decisão em contextos sociais. Muitos autores afirmam que estes temas são negligenciados e mal compreendidos na literatura científica e, de fato, são poucos os estudos que os discutem sob um enfoque neuropsicológico, o que contrasta com a grande quantidade de artigos abordando o assunto no contexto da hipnose e do efeito placebo. Outras pesquisas enfocam a relação da sugestionabilidade com variáveis de personalidade, sexo, inteligência, capacidade imaginativa e estado de sáude física e mental. Os artigos selecionados nesta revisão estudaram temas tão diferentes quanto o impacto de variáveis sociais sobre o efeito desinformação e sobre os efeitos placebo e nocebo; os efeitos da hipnose sobre a alocação automática de atenção a estímulos sociais, os efeitos de diferentes estilos de vínculos sociais sobre a sugestionabilidade, o uso da sugestão hipnótica para o estudo da atividade cerebral em diferentes experiências de passividade e possessão comumente observados na esquizofrenia e a susceptibilidade a distorções de memória induzidas por sugestão em indivíduos com memória autobiográfica altamente superior.


Palavras-chave


Sugestão; Sugestionabilidade; Cognição Social; Tomada de Decisão

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